CD163 Monoclonal Antibody (MAC 2-158), Alexa Fluor™ 488, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

Description: This MAC 2-158 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD163, a high affinity macrophage scavenger receptor for hemoglobin and haptoglobin. Applications Reported: This MAC 2-158 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This MAC 2-158 antibody has been pre-diluted and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. This may be used at 5 μL (0.125 μg) per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. Excitation: 488 nm; Emission: 519 nm; Laser: Blue Laser

CD163 is a 130 kDa membrane glycoprotein, a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich superfamily and a receptor for the hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex. CD163 protects tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage, and may play a role in the uptake and recycling of iron, via endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin and subsequent breakdown of heme. CD163 is expressed exclusively on the cell surface of human monocytes and macrophages that evolve predomitly in the late phase of inflammation. Specifically, CD163 is present on all circulating monocytes and most tissue macrophages except those found in the mantle zone and germinal centers of lymphoid follicles, interdigitating reticulum cells and Langerhans cells. CD163 is present on all CD14 positive monocytes, most CD64 positive monocytes, and shows higher expression on CD16 positive monocytes. CD163 is upregulated on mononuclear phagocytes by IL-10, IL-6 and dexamethasone. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) both induce shedding of CD163 from the cell surface into plasma or cell supernatant. CD163 binds hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes in a calcium-dependent and pH-dependent manner, and exhibits a higher affinity for complexes of hemoglobin and multimeric haptoglobin of HP1F phenotype than for complexes of hemoglobin and dimeric haptoglobin of HP1S phenotype. Furthermore, CD163 also induces a cascade of intracellular signals that involves tyrosine kinase-dependent calcium mobilization, inositol triphosphate production and secretion of IL-6 and CSF1.